AKINWUMI ADESINA – Fostering, Feeding & Financing the Africa We Want
INTRODUCTION
The Nigerian economist Dr. Akinwumi “Akin” Adesina had barely cut his teeth in his new role as President of the African Development Bank (ADB) when he was named among the Top 100 most influential Africans in 2015.[1] And for good reason. This former Nigerian Minister of State and C-suite leader par excellence is often described as “Africa’s Optimist-in-Chief”. The now two-term ADB Group President (elected 2015 and 2020) is a visionary and passionate speerheader of Africa’s transformation into a prosperous, green and hi-tech continent.
AGENDA 2063 is Africa’s blueprint and master plan for transforming Africa into the global powerhouse of the future.[2] It is the continent’s strategic framework that aims to “deliver on its goal for inclusive and sustainable development and is a concrete manifestation of the pan-African drive for unity, self-determination, freedom, progress and collective prosperity pursued under Pan-Africanism and African Renaissance.”[3] If that is Africa’s agenda for its 2063 mission, then Akinwumi Adesina is the man at the forefront, fostering, feeding and financing it.
GROWTH
He was born to an Ibadan farmer in the southwestern Nigeria state of Oyo on 6th of February, 1960.[4] This child was given the powerful name “Akinwumi” which means “Bringer of pleasure, delight.” And that he would prophetically accomplish, from delighting his village school teachers to thrilling technocrats in the global halls of power.
All About Agric
‘A’ for Akinwumi. ‘A’ for Adesina. ‘A’ for Agriculture! From being born as the son of a tiller of the soil to studying Agricultural Economics at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels all the way to serving as Nigeria’s Minister of Agriculture and holding senior positions in agricultural bodies around the world, Dr. Akinwumi Adesina’s life has all been about agric.
From his village primary school, he also attended Baptist High School Ejigbo, Osun State,[5] excelling enough to gain a much-eyed place at the University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowo University) where he earned First Class Honors in his B.Sc. Agricultural Economics degree in 1981. And that was a first. Akin was the pioneer student to be awarded this distinction by the university,[6] in its then 21-year history.[7] Then the wonderful opportunity came to take full advantage of global education as an African international student in the United States of America’s midwest.
Thus, Akin pursued further studies at Purdue University, Indiana and briefly returned to Nigeria, in 1984, to get married.[8] The year after, he obtained his Master’s in Agricultural Economics [9] and bagged a Ph.D. in the same field in 1988, also from Purdue, where he won the outstanding Ph.D. thesis for his research work.[10] Dr Adesina won the prestigious Rockefeller Foundation Social Science Fellowship in 1988,[11] which launched him into his illustrious international career. He worked at the Rockefeller Foundation since winning the fellowship from the foundation as a senior scientist.
Idiosyncrasies
Akin is the bowtie man. There is hardly a public photo of him without his characteristic jacket and bowtie. Legend has it that his professor of Development Economics and Vice-Chancellor of his Nigerian alma mater during his undergraduate days, Prof Ojetunji Aboyade, “was always seen, moving from one class to the other, teaching, in his impeccable suit and bow tie”[12] and that “Akin must have, probably, borrowed his dress sense from Ojetunji Aboyade.”[13]
SUCCESS
Converting Books to Boots
There is an African saying of the Akan people of Ghana that translated says, “the real game of life is played on the ground.” And for Agriculture in particular, there’s no other way to play the game but on the ground. So having researched and theorised, how would the distinguished pursuits in the Ivory Tower roll out on the field? Dr. Adesina held senior leadership positions in some of the foremost agricultural institutions and bodies in the world.[14]
He was Principal Economist and Coordinator of the West Africa Rice Economics Task Force at the West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA) in Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, from 1990 to 1995.[15] Dr. Adesina was also Assistant Principal Economist at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. Then he took up the reins as Principal Economist and Social Science Coordinator for the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (1995-1998). Akin was Associate Director (Food Security) at the Rockefeller Foundation where he worked for a decade (1998-2008) in senior leadership positions, including as Regional Office Director and Representative for Southern Africa (199-2003) and Associate Director for Food Security (2003-2008).[16]
Until his appointment as the Honourable Minister of Agriculture in 2010, he was the Vice President for Policy and Partnerships for the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA).[17] Established nearly two decades ago, AGRA is an African-led, Africa-based institution “transforming smallholder agriculture from a solitary struggle to survive into farming as a business that thrives.”[18]. AGRA’s vision is to contribute to a food system-inspired inclusive agricultural transformation across Africa, to reduce hunger, improve nutrition, and adapt to climate change.[19]
Politics
In 2010, Dr. Akinwumi Adesina dared to dive into the convoluted world of Nigerian politics at the invitation of President Goodluck Jonathan, taking on the bread basket portfolio as Nigeria‘s Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development.[20] Aptly described as “a bold reformer,”[21] there is ample evidence for that assertion since as Minister of Agriculture in Nigeria from 2010 to 2015 “Dr Adesina turned the agriculture sector of Nigeria around within four years.”[22] Under his tenure, Nigeria ended 40 years of corruption in the fertiliser sector by developing and implementing an innovative electronic wallet system, which directly provides farmers with subsidised farm inputs at scale using their mobile phones. Within the first four years of its launch, this electronic wallet system reached 15 million farmers, dramatically transforming their lives.[23] In other words, he introduced unrivalled transparency into the fertiliser supply chain.[24]
President of ADB
Dr. Akinwumi Adesina is the African Development Bank Group’s first ever Nigerian CEO [25] and twice-elected. He was first elected President of the ADB Group on 28th May 2015 and unanimously re-elected for a second five-year term on 27th August 2020.[26] The ADB, one of the world’s five biggest multilateral lenders, has been described as “an important but often unseen player in economic development.”[27]
With Dr Adesina at the helm, the African Development Bank Group achieved the highest capital increase since its establishment in 1964 when on 31st October 2019, shareholders from 80 member countries raised the general capital from $93 billion to a historic $208 billion.[28] The African Development Bank Group responded boldly and swiftly to the Covid-19 pandemic.[29] On 3rd April 2020, the premier development finance institution launched a landmark $3 billion Covid-19 Social Bond followed by a Crisis Response Facility of $10 billion.[30]
Fly in the Ointment
Success isn’t without struggle. While umpteen challenges could be cited in the illustrious career of Akin, perhaps the pinnacle of pain would be how his re-election as ADB President almost suffered a setback after some staff of the bank accused him of breaching twenty of the bank’s code of conduct, including “unethical conduct, private gain, an impediment to efficiency, preferential treatment, and involvement in political activities.” He denied the allegations and an investigation panel cleared him of all the allegations.[31]
SIGNIFICANCE
Family and Faith
As earlier intimated, in 1984, during his international education at Purdue, Akin had returned briefly to Nigeria to get married to Grace Oluyemisi Adesina. He and his wife, Grace, have three children, Rotimi, Emmanuel and Segun.[32] While at Purdue University, Adesina and his wife, along with another couple, started a Christian group called the African Student Fellowship.[33]
Recognition, Awards and Boards
From his PhD days till date, Dr Adesina has been decorated with numerous awards, recognizing not only his personal successes but his societal significance. In 2007 he was awarded the prestigious YARA Prize in Oslo, Norway for his leadership in pioneering innovative approaches for improving access of farmers in Africa to agricultural inputs.[34] Adesina was the President of the African Association of Agricultural Economists from 2008 to 2010. He was awarded the Borlaug CAST Award in 2010 by the Council for Agricultural Science and Technology,[35] USA, for his global leadership on agricultural science and technology. He received the Distinguished Alumni Award from both of his alma maters in America and Africa: Purdue University in 2008, and from the Obafemi Awolowo University in 2009.[36] He has published extensively and served on the editorial boards of several leading journals.[37]
In 2013, he was named as Forbes Africa Person of the Year.[38] In 2019, he was again named as the Forbes Africa Person of the Year.[39] The year before, he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate degree by Afe Babalola University,[40] to be followed by a barrage of other honorific doctorates, literally every other year (and thrice in 2022 alone!): Honorary Doctor of Science by the Federal University Of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria (January 28, 2020),[41] Honorary Doctorate by the Federal University of Technology in Nigeria in recognition of his global leadership in agriculture, food security, development finance, and good governance (February 2, 2022),[42] Honorary Doctorate by Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, acknowledging his career achievements in agriculture, and the innovative High 5 development priorities for Africa, which he conceived shortly after his election as President of the African Development Bank Group in 2015 (May 8, 2022),[43] Honorary Doctorate by Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, for his contributions to the field of economics (May 14, 2022),[44] Doctor of Science by Veritas University Abuja (2023),[45] and Honorary Degree of Doctor of Business Administration by Bayero University, Kano (March 2024).[46] Nearly a decade before this string of seven began, Dr. Adesina was first awarded an Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters by Franklin and Marshall College, USA, in 2010, for his global leadership on agriculture and improving the lives and livelihoods of the poor.[47]
In November 2012, Dr. Adesina was named as one of the 100 most influential Africans by The New African Magazine.[48] Barely a couple of years into his political appointment as Minister of Agriculture, The President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan, conferred on him the second highest National Honor (Commander of the Order of Niger) for his outstanding service to his country over the last little while.[49] In 2019, he was awarded the Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit of Tunisia.[50]
In 2010, United Nations Secretary General, Ban Ki-moon, appointed him as one of 17 global leaders, to spearhead the Millennium Development Goals.[4] Again in September 2016, Adesina was appointed by the same United Nations Secretary-General, to serve as member of the Lead Group of the Scaling Up Nutrition Movement.[16] On October 19, 2017, Dr. Akinwumi Adesina was conferred with the 2017 World Food Prize, [51]also nicknamed the “Nobel Prize for Agriculture”.[52] On 29 February 2020, he was named African of the Year 2019 by one million readers of the African Leadership Magazine. On 14 December 2020, the Academy of Public Health, the flagship body of the West African Institute of Public Health, announced Dr. Adesina as one of the winners of its 2020 Distinguished Fellowship Award for his successful efforts in helping Africa to curb the impact of the coronavirus pandemic.[53]
Societal Impact and Change
From food and youth to poverty and technology, Akinwumi Adesina fires on all cylinders. “He is a man on a mission to help Africa feed itself,” said the Forbes magazine of Adesina’s agricultural reforms while naming the agricultural economist and active Nigerian Minister of Agriculture “African Person of the Year” in 2013. “My goal,” said Dr. Adesina as he accepted the Forbes award, “is to make as many millionaires, maybe even billionaires, from agriculture as possible.
“We are not doing well enough for Africa’s 477 million youths. We are not harnessing their skills, talent and creativity,” Dr Adesina told members of the Nigerian University of Technology and Management Board who recently called on him at African Development Bank’s headquarters in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.[54]
And as for white elephants, he’s hunting them to extinction. White elephants refer to the useless luxury projects that are often financed using international aid and built by foreign businessmen, and reek of corruption.[55] Adesina calls for “intelligent infrastructure that is more productive, more competitive.”[56] ”Finish off the white elephants,”[57] is his war.
CONCLUSION
Farmer’s son. Economist par excellence. Bowtie Man. Continent Feeder. Bold Reformer. Millionaire Maker. Banking Boss. White elephant Killer. Optimist-in-Chief. Man of Faith. Afrotech Advocate. Name it. He’s it. Dr. Akinwumi Adesina’s initial academic PhD gave hope; his eight honorary doctorates confirm faith has become sight. He has delivered. No wonder Aristotle claims excellence is a habit, for Adesina has been consistent in excelling from his university days till date, and been regularly publicly recognized for these over a span of 50 years. For a man so passionate about Africa, who believes poverty has no place in the continent, he seems to have gotten the fundamentals right: feeding her people and financing her economy, all on the back of the strength of her youthful population and promise of innovative information technology. There’s an Africa Africans want; akin to Wakanda. And there’s an Akin with the head, heart and hands at the forefront to make that future come true—fostering, feeding and financing it.
[1] “Nigerians dominate New Africa’s 100 Most Influential Africans of 2015”. Vanguard News. 2015-11-24. Last retrieved April 2, 2024
[2] “Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want.” African Union. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[3] Ibid.
[4] “Akinwumi Adesina: from farmer’s son to Africa bank chief”. African Spotlight. 28 May 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
[5] “The Travails of Akinwumi Adesina.” Vanguard. June 13, 2020. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[6] “Dr. Akinwumi A. Adesina”. High-Level Meeting on Drought National Policy. March 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Retrieved April 16, 2024.
[7] “The Travails of Akinwumi Adesina.” Vanguard. June 13, 2020. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[8] Delmar Broersma. 2017. God’s Surprises Along the Journey. pp. 89–93.
[9] The President’s biography, African Development Bank, Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[10] “Dr. Akinwumi A. Adesina”. High-Level Meeting on Drought National Policy. March 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[11] The President’s biography, African Development Bank, Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[12] “The Travails of Akinwumi Adesina.” Vanguard. June 13, 2020. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[13] “The Travails of Akinwumi Adesina.” Vanguard. June 13, 2020. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[14] “Akinwumi Adesina: from farmer’s son to Africa bank chief”. African Spotlight. 28 May 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[15] “AfDB’s Akinwumi Adesina named 2017 World Food Prize Laureate”. CNBC Africa. 2017-06-26. Archived from the original on 2020-08-03. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[16] “Dr. Akinwumi A. Adesina”. High-Level Meeting on Drought National Policy. March 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Retrieved April 16, 2024.
[17] Ibid.
[18] Who We Are. Our Story. AGRA. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[19] Ibid.
[20] “Interview: Akinwumi Adesina, Minister of Agriculture, Nigeria”. This is Africa. 30 July 2013. Archived from the original on 2015-01-12. Retrieved April 17, 2024
[21] The President’s biography, African Development Bank, Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[22] Ibid.
[23] Ibid.
[24] “Nigerian is ‘African of the year'”. BBC News. 2013-12-03. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[25] “Biography”. African Development Bank – Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 2019-04-04. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[26] “Akinwunmi Adesina re-elected as AFDB president”. Sellbeta. 27 August 2020. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[27] Ibid.
[28] The President’s biography, African Development Bank, Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[29] Ibid.
[30] Ibid.
[31] “Akinwunmi Adesina re-elected as AFDB president”. Sellbeta. 27 August 2020. Archived from the original on 25 January 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[32] Profile:Akinwuni Adesina, Ogala WordPress. 2011. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[33] Delmar Broersma. 2017. God’s Surprises Along the Journey. pp. 89–93.
[34] “Dr. Akinwumi A. Adesina”. High-Level Meeting on Drought National Policy. March 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[35] Ibid.
[36] Ibid.
[37] Ibid.
[38] “Nigeria’s Akinwumi Adesina named Forbes African of the Year”. BBC. December 3, 2013. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[39] “African Of The Year”. Forbes Africa. 2019-12-18. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[40] “Afe Babalola University Confers Honorary Doctorate Degree on African Development Bank President Akinwumi Adesina”. African Development Bank – Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 2019-02-08. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[41] “Afe Babalola University Confers Honorary Doctorate Degree on African Development Bank President Akinwumi Adesina”. African Development Bank – Building today, a better Africa tomorrow. 2019-02-08. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[42] “Akinwumi Adesina. African Development Bank Group President.” Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[43] Ibid.
[44] “AfDB President, Akinwumi Adesina, Receives Honorary Degree In Ethiopia”. METRO DAILY Ng. 2022-05-16. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[45] “ADB Adopts Veritas as Centre of Excellence for Computer Coding.” Veritas University Abuja News. Last retireved April 17, 2024.
[46] “Top Nigerian University honours African Development Bank President Akinwumi Adesina” AfDB News. March 6, 2024. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[47] “Dr. Akinwumi A. Adesina”. High-Level Meeting on Drought National Policy. March 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Retrieved April 16, 2024.
[48] Ibid.
[49] Ibid.
[50] “Akinwumi A. Adesina à Caïd Essebsi: La BAD disposée à soutenir la Tunisie dans divers domaines”. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[51] “AfDB President Akinwumi Adesina wins $250,000 World Food Prize”. africanews. 27 June 2017. Last retried April 17, 2024.
[52] The President’s biography, African Development Bank, Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[53] Ibid.
[54] “Investing in the Next Generation: How Nigerian University of Technology and Management and African Development Bank are Pioneering Youth Skilling in Africa.” African Development Bank Group. 01 April, 2024. Last retrieved April 17, 2024.
[55] “Akinwumi Adesina: from farmer’s son to Africa bank chief”. African Spotlight. 28 May 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-09-22. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
[56] Ibid.
[57] Ibid.
50 Inspiring Living Leaders
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